Framing Gender in News Media: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Representation

Abstract

The representation of gender in news media significantly influences societal perceptions and reinforces or challenges existing stereotypes. This study employs a critical discourse analysis (CDA) approach to examine the linguistic and structural strategies used in media narratives to frame gender roles. By analyzing news reports from diverse global media outlets, the research identifies patterns in language, imagery, and thematic focus that shape public discourse on gender. The study explores how dominant ideologies are perpetuated through journalistic choices, particularly in the portrayal of women, non-binary individuals, and men in various sociopolitical contexts. Findings suggest that gendered framings often reflect historical inequalities, reinforcing traditional roles and limiting inclusivity. Women are frequently depicted in relation to family, appearance, or victimhood, while men are commonly portrayed as authoritative figures. Meanwhile, non-binary identities remain marginalized or are represented in a tokenistic manner. The study also examines the intersectionality of gender with other social categories, such as race, class, and nationality, to highlight the complexity of media representation. Additionally, the research evaluates the role of digital media in either reinforcing or challenging traditional gender narratives. By critically analyzing media discourse, this paper contributes to the growing scholarship on media, gender studies, and discourse analysis, providing insights into the need for more equitable representation in journalism. The study concludes by advocating for journalistic reforms that promote balanced and diverse portrayals of gender in the media landscape.